Mawangdui (马王堆, Mǎwángduī) is an historical site located in Changsha, Hunan Province. The site consists of two saddle-shaped hills and contained the tombs of three people from the western Han Dynasty. The tombs belonged to the first Marquis of Dai, his wife, and a male who is believed to be their son. The remains of woman has not decomposed in 2100 years. Most of the artifacts from Mawangdui are displayed at the Hunan Provincial Museum.

The tombs followed a mixture of Chu and western Han Dynasty burial practices. The most famous artifacts from Mawangdui were the lacquered wine-bowls and cosmetic boxes, showcasing the craftsmanship of the regional lacquer ware industry; the silk funeral banners on the coffin, three maps drawn on silk, displaying the Hunan, Guangdong and Guangxi region and depicting the political boundary between the Han Dynasty and Nanyue. The maps are some of the oldest discovered in China. Silk Texts of 120,000 words are Chinese philosophical and medical works written in silk, such as the I Ching (《易经》, Yìjīng), two copies of the Tao Te Ching (《道德经》, Dàodé Jīng), one similar copy of Strategies of the Warring States (《战国策》, Zhànguó Cè).