The Mongol ethnic minority is distributed mainly in the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region and others in provinces like Qinghai, Gansu, Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang, etc. In the 12th century, Genghis Khan unified the Mongolian tribes and his grandson Emperor Kublai established the Yuan Dynasty.

Mongolians grow up on horsebacks and horses thus play an important part in their life. The grandest festival is the Nadam Fair for five to seven days during late August. Mongolian people, in new clothes, will gather and participate in the competitions of shooting, wrestling, and horse-riding. Long gowns, waistbands, boots and decorations are four major parts of their traditional clothes.

The Mongolians are unconstrained and warm-hearted. When guests come, the Mongolians hang Hada, a piece of white ribbon which represents holy and good luck, onto the guest's necks. Mongolian herdsmen used to live in yurts, which were usually seven to eight feet high and ten feet in diameter, with an opening in the top of the umbrella-shaped roof.

The Mongolians enjoy drinking the milk of sheep, horses, deer and camels. Kumiss, made out of horse milk, is a kind of distinctive wine. Tender, boiled mutton Shouzhua Rou is a representative of their traditional food.